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The Shelby Cobra was a British sports car built in the 1960s. It was not the first car to combine a lightweight European chassis and aluminium body with a big American V8 engine, but it is possibly the most famous. The later, larger-engined cars are still among the highest-performing road vehicles ever sold.

Like many British specialist car manufacturers, AC Cars had been using the smooth, refined Bristol straight-6 engine in its small-volume production, including its AC Ace 2-seater roadster. The engine was a pre-World War II design of BMW which by the 60s the company knew was considered dated. Bristol decided in 1961 to cease production of its engine and instead to use Chrysler 313cid (5.1 L) V8 engines. AC was left without a future source of power. Into this void stepped American ex-racing driver Carroll Shelby, who in September 1961 airmailed AC a proposal to ship its engineless cars to Shelby's California works to be fitted with American V8s.